Egypt

Egypt, country located in the northeastern corner of Africa. Egypt’s heartland, the Nile River valley and delta, was the home of one of the principal civilizations of the ancient Middle East.
Egypt is the most populous country in North Africa, the Middle East, and the Arab world, the third-most populous in Africa (after Nigeria and Ethiopia), and the fourteenth-most populous in the world. The great majority of its people live near the banks of the Nile River, an area of about 40,000 square kilometres (15,000 sq mi).

History of the Internet

Anonymous Attacks

Way to Attack

Anonymous Statement

Legal actions against Anonymous

Cybersecurity law and Regulations

First Attack

Second Attack

Internet started in Egypt in 1993 with a cable connection to France of a 9.6 kbps bandwidth to the Egyptian Universities Network (EUN) and the Cabinet Information & Decision Support Center (IDSC) with the National telephone organization (predecessor of Telecom Egypt) providing the infrastructure. The number of users at that time was estimated to be between 2000 and 3000.
In 1994 the Egyptian domain (.eg) was divided into 3 sub domains, .eun.eg for the Egyptian Universities Network, .sci.eg serving the Scientific research institutes and .gov.eg for Governmental bodies. the IDSC acted as Internet service provider. Digital data access was provided to the end user using digital multiplexors. Interconnectivity has been drastically improved by the setup of a number of digital multiplexors as the first digital backbone for data communication in the country. Fiber international connectivity was made available on SEMEWE-2 or satellite via Intelsat

in Jan 2011 Anonymous anonymous attacked Egyptian government websites belonging to Egypt’s cabinet, the Ministry of the Interior and the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology, in addition to the website of the ruling National Democratic Party , resulting in knocked offline these government websites. The sites remained offline until President Hosni Mubarak stepped down.

anonymous attacks are against a backdrop of anti-government protests in Egypt, with police using tear gas and rubber bullets to break up demonstrations. the purpose of these attacks aimed to enable protesters to better use the Internet for their cause.

In Dec 2012, Anonymous attacked Egyptian Government Websites and taken down. Hackers react under operation named #OpEgypt and hit 30 websites with DDos attack.

Attacked websites include, The Egyptian Presidency website, The Egyptian Cabinet, Trade Agreements Sector (TAS), Maritime Transport site, Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics, parliament website, Income Tax and many more.

The Reason of Hack is mentioned shared via Anonymous Facebook page in the banner shown below.

Anonymous utilized Distributied-Denial-of-Service (DDoS) to conduct their attacks.

Anonymous said via Facebook "Anonymous wants you to offer free access to uncensored media in your entire country. When you ignore this message, not only will we attack your government websites, Anonymous will also make sure that the international media sees the horrid reality you impose upon your people.

No legal actions has been taken

To strengthen their cybersecurity, Egypt enacted law No. 175 of 2018 On Anti-Cyber and Information Technology Crimes which was enacted in In mid-August 2018.

This law face the computer hacking by article 20, 18. According to article 20 of this law, “ Anyone who intentionally gains access to, unintentionally and unduly continues in, excesses the authorized right as to the time or level of access, hacks a website, email, private account, or information system administrated, with the knowledge of or for, owned by or related to the State or a public legal person shall be punishable by imprisonment for no less than two years and a fine of no less than fifty thousand Egyptian Pounds (about US$2,800) and no more than two hundred thousand Egyptian Pounds (about US$11,112), or by one of these two penalties”

Also, according article 18 “ Anyone who causes damage to, disrupts, slows down or hacks an email, website or private account owned by an individual shall be punishable by imprisonment for no less than one month and a fine of no less than fifty thousand Egyptian Pounds (about US$2,800) and no more than one hundred thousand Egyptian Pounds( about US$5,556), or by one of these two penalties